KUALA LUMPUR: Sophos, a global cybersecurity company has published a new sectoral survey report, "The State of Ransomware in Education 2022" and the findings reveal that education institutions – both higher and lower education – are increasingly being hit with ransomware, with 60 per cent suffering attacks in 2021 compared to 44 per cent in 2020.
"Schools are among those being hit the hardest by ransomware. They're prime targets for attackers because of their overall lack of strong cybersecurity defences and the goldmine of personal data they hold," said Sophos principal research scientist Chester Wisniewski.
Education institutions report the highest propensity to experience operational and commercial impacts from ransomware attacks compared to other sectors; 97 per cent of higher education and 94 per cent of lower education respondents say attacks impacted their ability to operate, while 96 per cent of higher education and 92 per cent of lower education respondents in the private sector further report business and revenue loss.
They too faced the highest data encryption rate (73pc) compared to other sectors (65pc), and the longest recovery time, with seven per cent taking at least three months to recover – almost double the average time for other sectors (4pc).
Of all the attacks, the report shows that only two per cent of education institutions recovered all of their encrypted data after paying a ransom (down from 4pc in 2020); schools, on average, were able to recover 62 per cent of encrypted data after paying ransoms (down from 68 pc in 2020).
In terms of recovery, higher education institutions in particular report the longest ransomware recovery time; while 40 per cent say it takes at least one month to recover (20pc for other sectors), and nine per cent report it takes three to six months.
According to Wisniewski, education institutions are less likely than others to detect in-progress attacks, which naturally leads to higher attack success and encryption rates.
"Considering the encrypted data is most likely confidential student records, the impact is far greater than what most industries would experience. Even if a portion of the data is restored, there is no guarantee what data the attackers will return, and, even then, the damage is already done, further burdening the victimised schools with high recovery costs and sometimes even bankruptcy.
"Unfortunately, these attacks are not going to stop, so the only way to get ahead is to prioritise building up anti-ransomware defences to identify and mitigate attacks before encryption is possible."
Interestingly, education institutions report the highest rate of cyber insurance payout on ransomware claims (100pc higher education, 99pc lower education). However, as a whole, the sector has one of the
lowest rates of cyber insurance coverage against ransomware (78pc compared to 83pc for other sectors).
"Four out of 10 schools say fewer insurance providers are offering them coverage, while nearly half (49pc) report that the level of cybersecurity they need to qualify for coverage has gone up," said Wisniewski.
"Cyber insurance providers are becoming more selective when it comes to accepting customers, and education organisations need help to meet these higher standards. With limited budgets, schools should work closely with trusted security professionals to ensure that resources are being allocated toward the right solutions that will deliver the best security outcomes and also help meet insurance standards."
In the light of the survey findings, Sophos experts recommend the following best practices for all organisations across all sectors:
● Install and maintain high-quality defences across all points in the environment. Review security controls regularly and make sure they continue to meet the organisation's needs;
● Proactively hunt for threats to identify and stop adversaries before they can execute attacks – if the team lacks the time or skills to do this in-house, outsource to a Managed Detection and Response (MDR) team;
● Harden the IT environment by searching for and closing key security gaps: unpatched devices, unprotected machines and open RDP ports, for example. Extended Detection and Response (XDR) solutions are ideal for this purpose;
● Prepare for the worst, and have an updated plan in place of a worst-case incident scenario;
● Make backups, and practice restoring from them to ensure minimise disruption and recovery time.
The State of Ransomware in Education 2022 survey polled 5,600 IT professionals, including 320 lower education respondents and 410 high education respondents, in mid-sized organisations (100-5,000 employees) across 31 countries.