HAZE, characterised by poor air quality, consists of a mix of pollutants like dust, smoke particles, carbon monoxide and toxic gases.
These tiny particles can penetrate the lungs and bloodstream, posing significant health risks to Malaysians.
Haze is a persistent issue in Malaysia, especially in areas like Selangor, Penang and Sarawak.
Generally, most people understand that exposure to bad air is bad for your lungs, says Sunway Medical Centre respiratory, internal medicine, and interventional pulmonology consultant Dr Kow Ken Siong.
However, chronic exposure to poor air quality leads to respiratory diseases like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia and lung cancer.
Dr Kow says globally, air pollution, including haze, is linked to premature deaths, infections and various diseases.
Chronic respiratory illnesses ranked as the third-leading cause of death globally in 2019.
"Fine particulate matter in haze can leave a lasting impact, especially when inhaled.
"Short-term exposure can result in acute bronchitis symptoms like cough, phlegm, chest tightness, breathlessness, and lethargy."
Vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing conditions like asthma and cardiovascular diseases face higher risks.
Repeated exposure to haze over years can worsen pre-existing chronic lung conditions, increase the risk of lung cancer, and lead to frequent bronchitis episodes, explains Dr Kow.
Individuals without prior health issues may also develop upper respiratory symptoms and become more susceptible to viral infections.
Dr Kow encourages Malaysians to monitor air quality through official sources, limit outdoor activities during the haze, and seek professional medical advice if they experience lung or heart symptoms.
Self-medication, particularly with inhalers, is discouraged, he adds as it may lead to unwanted side effects.
The impact of haze on respiratory health is a significant concern in Malaysia, but by understanding the health risks and adopting preventive measures, Malaysians can better protect themselves and their loved ones during periods of poor air quality.
SHIELD YOURSELF
To safeguard your wellbeing during periods of poor air quality, take the following steps:
• Stay indoors as much as possible, especially in areas where the Air Pollutant Index is unhealthy. Keep doors and windows closed to prevent polluted air from entering indoors.
• Use high-quality air purifiers with HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filters, which can help mitigate risks, as indoor air quality can be impacted by haze, especially when natural ventilation is limited.
• Use N95 mask when going outdoors for a long time, which may help filter out fine particulate matter that may be harmful.
• Stay hydrated throughout the day.
• Stay informed and seek medical advice
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