INTERNATIONAL organisations have criticised the United States’ decision to cut more than half of planned funding to a United Nations agency serving Palestinian refugees.
Last week, the US administration announced that it was withholding US$65 million (RM255 million) from a planned US$125 million aid package for the UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA).
UNRWA serves over five million refugees with education, healthcare, social services and emergency assistance in the Middle Eastern region.
As the US was the agency’s biggest donor, contributing over US$350 million last year, UNRWA is facing its biggest financial crisis.
“At stake is the dignity and human security of millions of Palestine refugees in need of emergency food assistance and other support… at stake is the access of refugees to primary healthcare, including pre-natal care and other life-saving services. At stake are the rights and dignity of an entire community,” said UNRWA Commissioner-General Pierre Krahenbuhl.
“The reduced contribution also impacts regional security at a time when the Middle East faces multiple risks and threats, notably that of further radicalisation.”
Former UN undersecretary general and current secretary-general of the Norwegian Refugee Council Jan Egeland said the funding cut would have devastating consequences for vulnerable Palestinian refugee children who depended on the agency for their education.
“It will also deny their parents a social safety net that helps them to survive, and undermine the UN agency’s ability to respond in the event of another flare-up in the (Israeli-Palestinian) conflict.”
UNRWA provides education to over half of a million boys and girls in 700 schools, and manages more than nine million refugee patient visits at over 140 clinics.
Human Rights Watch’s Deputy UN Director Akshaya Kumar said many Palestinian refugees lived in poverty, including the majority of those in Syria who required humanitarian assistance to survive.
“Unless other governments fill the gap soon, the US cuts will jeopardise children’s schooling, vaccinations and maternal healthcare for refugees.”
The Trump administration said the decision was made as a way to press for unspecified reforms in the agency.
Though State Department spokesman Heather Nauert said the move was not made to pressure Palestinians to enter negotiations, President Donald Trump suggested otherwise, in a series of tweets just weeks before the decision.
“We pay the Palestinians HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS OF DOLLARS a year and get no appreciation or respect... with the Palestinians no longer willing to talk peace, why should we make any of these massive future payments to them?” he tweeted.
Kumar pointed out that UNRWA is an aid agency rather than a party to the peace process.
“The administration seems intent on holding them hostage — and ultimately punishing vulnerable Palestinian refugees — as an indirect way to put pressure on the Palestinian Authority to join peace talks.”
Husam Zomlot, head of the Palestinian Liberation Organisation’s (PLO) delegation to the US, echoed similar sentiments, saying that refugees’ access to basic humanitarian services was not a “bargaining chip, but a US and international obligation”.
“Taking away food and education from vulnerable refugees does not bring a lasting and comprehensive peace, and the rights of Palestinian refugees will not be compromised by a financial decision.”
Egeland also tweeted that cutting aid was a “bad politicisation of humanitarian aid”.
UNRWA has long been controversial since its establishment in 1949. Though it has evolved into a quasi-government organisation, the agency was first set up to temporarily assist those who fled or were forced from their homes during the 1948 Arab-Israeli war.
However, as the Israeli-Palestinian conflict continued, so did UNRWA’s existence.
The agency allows refugee status to be passed down from generation to generation and does not remove people from its list even if they have gained citizenship elsewhere, contributing to an ever expanding population and questions as to who qualifies as a refugee.
From the 700,000 Palestinians who fled after the 1948 war, there are now over 5.2 million registered refugees in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and the Palestinian territories.
While UNRWA has been criticised for not working to resettle refugees, Israel has not granted refugees the right to return and other countries, such as Lebanon, have largely denied Palestinians citizenship and access to employment or land.
Even if the funding cut is meant to target Palestinian authorities, many note that vulnerable Palestinian refugees will bear the brunt of the impact as they will be left in a renewed state of limbo.
UNRWA has since launched a global fundraising campaign to try to close its funding gap before it is forced to cut safety-net services.
Donors have begun to step up, including Belgium, which pledged US$23 million to UNRWA soon after the move was announced.
“For a lot of Palestinian refugees, UNRWA is the last life buoy,” said Belgian Deputy Prime Minister Alexander De Croo.
“Let us draw our strength from the Palestine refugees who teach us every day that giving up is not an option. UNRWA will not give up either,” Krahenbuhl said. IPS