LETTERS: In Malaysia, two commonly used renewable energy sources are hydro and solar power. However, their usage is constrained by geographical terrain and limited land availability.
Moreover, allowing the increased integration of intermittent renewable energy sources, particularly solar power, into the electricity grid without modifications can jeopardise grid stability. Consequently, it becomes vital to implement energy storage systems and initiate intelligent demand-side management measures to fortify the electricity grid.
Transforming the grid into a smart grid through the deployment of battery energy storage systems and related enabling technologies is essential to boost grid resiliency.
Another challenge is related to political and regulatory measures.
There are no regulations and policy measures particularly in the context of energy transition, including no carbon tax and matured carbon credit mechanisms, to speed up energy transition with clean energy resources.
Besides, resistance to changes in energy transition may arise due to the strict regulation of the energy sector by the government.
The progress of energy transitions will be impacted by government instability as the government has the right to cancel or approve large-scale renewable energy projects, raising global concerns about our commitment to renewable energy.
A consistent and clear energy policy framework needs to be developed for investors and stakeholders to overcome the challenge.
The engagement between government, industry and civil society is essential for building a consensus in energy transition.
Challenges include technology transfer and financial support.
The hesitation of investors and financial institutions to fund renewable energy projects here is due to the risks associated with emerging technology investment, and concerns about political and economic stability.
The government has to establish public-private partnerships to invest in renewable energy projects and provide financial incentives to boost private sector investment in such projects.
The establishment of a national energy centre may overcome issues — such as lack of collaboration between stakeholders, established practical solutions, strategies, pathways and scenarios — in implementing and monitoring the energy transition.
The last challenge is public awareness and engagement in energy transition.
Malaysia needs public support to achieve net zero emission.
Conducting awareness campaigns and investing in public education on the benefits of renewable energy application allow people to better understand the necessity of energy transition.
Indeed, the workforce needs to be educated and prepared for the transition to cleaner energy sources.
To accomplish net zero emission by 2050, the energy transition plan should be accelerated.
DR TIONG SIEH KIONG
Director, Institute of Sustainable Energy
(Higher Institution Centre of Excellence),
Universiti Tenaga Nasional
The views expressed in this article are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect those of the New Straits Times