IN the last 20-30 years, Parkinson's has become the fastest growing of all neurological diseases and countries with ageing populations, including Malaysia, can expect to see a rise in rates of this condition.
Parkinson's is a complex disease, says UM Specialist Centre (UMSC) consultant neurologist Dr Lim Shen-Yang.
In some patients, more and more medication may be required to control and manage their symptoms, with some requiring doses up to 6-10 times a day.
However, even with medication adjustments, some patients still can't reach a stage where they are able to effectively manage their symptoms.
Speaking during the 1st International Clinical Symposium 2024 hosted by UMSC under the theme "Synergy in Quaternary Healthcare", Dr Lim adds that deep brain stimulation or DBS is an alternative option for some patients with Parkinson's to improve their functionality and it can be effectively and safely used even in earlier stages of the disease.
DBS is a surgical procedure that uses implanted electrodes and electrical stimulation to help patients have better control of their symptoms.
It generally leads to a reduction in medication usage among patients since symptoms become more manageable.
High doses of Parkinson's medication come with accompanying side effects such as hallucinations, confusion, memory problems and trouble sleeping.
Some patients may experience a 20-30 per cent reduction in medication usage after DBS, while others may have an 80 per cent reduction, says Dr Lim.
However, it's important to keep in mind that the goal of DBS is to improve the quality of life of the patient and is not just targeted at medication reduction, he adds.
Additionally, not all patients are suitable for DBS, but around 20 per cent of them could benefit from the procedure.
"Parkinson's is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors," says Dr Lim.
In some cases, the very early signs of the disease, such as loss of one's sense of smell and frequent nightmares, may start even 20 years before the more obvious symptoms of the condition like tremors and movement problems begin. Besides genetic factors, exposure to pesticide has been noted as having a link to the disease.
The symposium highlighted advanced practices across cardiothoracic surgery, otorhinolaryngology (ENT), gastroenterology, nephrology, neurology, neurosurgery, oncology and respiratory medicine. Attendees were provided with insights into the latest treatments for Parkinson's disease, kidney failure, brain tumours, and other complex conditions, with presentations from specialists in each field.
Besides advancements in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, key topics covered in the symposium included "Perfecting the Art of Precision Endoscopy - Advancements in Gastroenterology", "Redefining Surgical Boundaries in ENT and Head & Neck Surgery", "Radiant Horizons: Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Brain Tumours" and Kidney Transplantation - Hope for Patients with Kidney Failure".
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