IN the crowded Qalandia refugee camp, the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees's (UNRWA) training centre is an island of calm where young people from the occupied West Bank master trades, but a recent Israeli ban on all cooperation with the United Nations agency has left the centre in limbo.
On the spacious campus a stone's throw from the wall separating the West Bank and Israel, plumbers in training assemble pipes, future electricians wire circuits and carpenters hammer together roof frames.
But how long these scenes will last is an open question after Israel last month banned UNRWA, founded in 1949, from operating on Israeli soil or coordinating with Israeli authorities.
UNRWA's ban in Israel and occupied east Jerusalem has raised fears that its West Bank employees could face problems not only accessing those areas, but also moving around because they would lose the ability to coordinate with the Israeli authorities manning checkpoints. The same fears apply to visas and permits delivered by Israeli authorities.
Ahmed Naseef, 18, a refugee from the Jalazone camp north of nearby Ramallah, said he didn't know what he and his classmates would do should the Qalandia training centre close as a result of the law.
"It would disrupt my fellow students. Many don't have the financial means to go to another institute for study. Here, it's almost free," he said during a class in which he was learning how to install lights in a room.
"We imagine that we're setting up a bedroom and a bathroom, installing lights, outlets and power points," said the student, who has been a trainee for two months after graduating high school.
Jonathan Fowler, UNRWA spokesman in Jerusalem, said that if some of the services were unable to continue, the socioeconomic consequences could be "disastrous".
"If these services are not able to operate ... who is going to provide education for the children and the adolescents in this camp?"
Baha Awaad, the school's principal, said it trains 350 students but cannot provide for more due to the lack of permission to expand buildings.
"We're operating as usual, not wanting to spread fear. We reassure students that we're doing our best to continue teaching here," he said, adding that worried students had already approached him.
As for what would happen should the school close, Awaad said: "That depends. If it's a permanent closure, they'll be left without options."
Fowler said there was no sustainable alternative to his agency's varied work on such a large scale.
"You can't just flick a switch and UNRWA disappears and someone else steps in."
Tensions between UNRWA and Israel began after Israel accused about a dozen of the agency's staff of taking part in Hamas's unprecedented attack on southern Israel on Oct 7, 2023.
A series of probes found some "neutrality related issues" at UNRWA, and determined that nine employees "may have been involved" in the Oct 7 attack, but found no evidence for Israel's central allegations.
A quarter of the West Bank's 912,000 refugees live in 19 camps, according to UNRWA, and many rely on services provided by the agency's 3,800 West Bank staff.
One such recipient, teenager Naseef, graduated from an UNRWA school and received healthcare from one of its clinics.
In his camp, he said: "The situation is especially hard for the clinic, which many people rely on for medications and treatments. If it shuts down, they'll be cut off."
Back at the Qalandia camp, a nurse at the crowded UNRWA clinic said there was no viable alternative for residents should her facility close.
At the nearby UNRWA primary school for girls, headmaster Rana Nabhan said she "doesn't know" whether her students will finish off the school year.
Unaware of the challenges, a crowd of giggling schoolgirls run around in bibs during gym class, bringing the courtyard to life.
Just over their shoulders is another mural in Arabic, "I love my beautiful school," it reads.
The writer is from AFP