Canada's economy continued its recovery from pandemic damage in the first quarter, driven by a surge in home construction.
Gross domestic product expanded at a 5.6 per cent annualised rate in the three-month period, after a revised 9.3 per cent pace at the end of last year, according to a report Tuesday from Statistics Canada. That's slightly below the 6.8 per cent median forecast in a Bloomberg survey of economists. Housing investment grew at an annualised 43 per cent pace, easily the biggest driver of growth.
The data show housing is helping the country's economy power through restrictions meant to curb the spread of Covid-19, providing some resiliency to the rebound. One reason for optimism is the economy has been recovering with little support from consumers and businesses, who have held off from spending over the winter months amid the curbs on activity.
"There's lots of spending power left," Avery Shenfeld, chief economist at Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, said in a report to investors.
In total, the gains bring the economy closer to a full recovery. Economic activity at the start of the year was 1.7 per cent below what it was at the end of 2019.
The Canadian dollar was little changed after the report, up 0.3 per cent to 1.2032 per U.S. dollar. For the month of March alone, the economy expanded 1.1 per cent, versus a one per cent gain expected by economists.
Property and savings
The boom in housing brought residential investment to 8.6 per cent of GDP -- the highest in records to 1961. Low mortgage rates combined with more time spent at home during Covid-19 have spurred demand for houses and increased construction, renovations and resales.
Consumption also picked up slightly from anemic levels at the end of last year, but still remains sluggish. Spending by households was up an annualised 2.7 per cent, versus 0.9 per cent at the end of the fourth quarter. The household savings rate actually increased to 13.1 per cent, from 11.9 per cent at the end of last year. That suggests pent-up demand could be building to drive outsize growth later in the year.
Businesses pared back their capital spending and investments in inventories, which was the biggest drag on growth in the first quarter.
Hiccup ahead
The recovery did stall in April amid a new wave of lockdowns, according to preliminary estimates also released on Tuesday. Output contracted 0.8 per cent on the month, and economists expect another weak reading for May after the country's largest provinces shut down parts of their economies to combat the virus.
But economists are anticipating the pace of growth will return to above isx per cent in the second half of 2021 as restrictions are eased amid higher vaccination rates, leading to a return in services that have been closed for months.
Adding to the tailwinds are rising commodity prices. Data released Tuesday show a rally in raw materials drove up incomes at the beginning of the year, which bodes well for future growth. Including inflation, GDP has already surpassed pre-pandemic levels.
The potential for a sharp rebound is already prompting the Bank of Canada to start paring back its stimulus and warning of higher interest rates. Economists are anticipating a healthy 6.2 per cent expansion for all of 2021, only slightly behind a U.S. recovery projected at 6.5 per cent. - Bloomberg